Reamers — Catalog and Selection
Summary
Reamers are precision finishing tools designed to enlarge existing holes to exact dimensions while achieving superior surface finishes. Unlike [[drilling]], which creates holes from solid material, [[reaming]] removes only 0.010-0.030" of material per side to achieve tolerances of ±0.0005" or better. Essential for press fits, bearing bores, and precision assemblies, reamers deliver surface finishes from 8-80 µin Ra depending on material and reamer type.
Reamer Types and Applications
Hand Reamers
Seco N5TS Series (Taper Shank)
- Part Numbers: N5TS-2H7-EB45 through N5TS-9.525H7-EB45
- Sizes: 2mm to 3/8" (9.525mm)
- Tolerance: H7 grade holes
- Application: Manual reaming in drill press or lathe tailstock
- Speed Range: 50-200 RPM for HSS versions
Seco N5BS Series (Straight Shank)
- Part Numbers: N5BS-2.01H7-EB45 through N5BS-9.525H7-EB45
- Sizes: 2mm to 3/8" with 0.01mm increments available
- Features: EB45 coating for extended life
- Best For: Bench work and manual operations
Machine Reamers - Straight Flute
Seco SR80/81/82 Series
- SR80: General purpose, 6-8 flutes
- SR81: Heavy duty, increased rigidity
- SR82: Fine finish applications
- Size Range: 1/4" to 2-3/16" (SR80-x.xxx-EN to SR80-xx.xxx-EN)
- Speeds: 200-800 RPM in steel, 800-1500 RPM in [[aluminum-6061]]
Machine Reamers - Spiral Flute
Seco NF Series (Right Hand Spiral)
- NF06: 6mm nominal (4.5505mm actual)
- NF10: 10mm nominal (11.0505mm actual)
- Advantage: Better chip evacuation in through holes
- Disadvantage: Can pull workpiece in manual operations
Seco NS Series (Left Hand Spiral)
- NS06/NS10: Same sizes as NF series
- Advantage: Resists pulling workpiece, better for manual work
- Shop Floor Tip: Left-hand spiral preferred for CNC applications to prevent tool pull-out
Carbide Reamers
Seco PMX Series
- PMX5: 5-flute design for general applications
- PMX6: 6-flute for improved finish
- PMX8: 8-flute for finest finishes
- Example: PMX05T-AD-04100-16N1 (8.825mm dia)
- Speeds: 2-4x HSS speeds (400-3000 RPM depending on material)
- Cost: 3-5x HSS price but 10-20x tool life in production
Speeds and Feeds by Material
Steel (1018-4140)
HSS Reamers:
- SFM: 50-120 (Start at 80 SFM)
- Feed: 0.002-0.008 IPR (0.004 IPR typical)
- RPM Calc: (SFM × 3.82) / Diameter
- Example: 0.500" reamer = (80 × 3.82) / 0.5 = 610 RPM
Carbide Reamers:
- SFM: 150-400 (Start at 250 SFM)
- Feed: 0.003-0.012 IPR
- Shop Reality: Forum users report running 20% slower than catalog recommendations for better finish
Aluminum (6061)
HSS Reamers:
- SFM: 200-500 (Start at 300 SFM)
- Feed: 0.005-0.015 IPR
- Surface Finish: 16-32 µin Ra typical
PCD Reamers (for production):
- SFM: 800-2000
- Surface Finish: 8 µin Ra achievable
- Tool Life: 10,000+ holes vs 100-500 for HSS
Stainless Steel (304/316)
HSS Reamers:
- SFM: 40-80 (Conservative due to [[work-hardening]])
- Feed: 0.003-0.006 IPR (maintain constant feed to prevent work hardening)
- Coolant: Flood coolant essential
Carbide Reamers:
- SFM: 120-250
- Feed: 0.004-0.010 IPR
Cast Iron
HSS Reamers:
- SFM: 80-150
- Surface Finish: 50-80 µin Ra typical
- Note: Excellent reaming material - self-lubricating
Toolholder Selection
Floating Holders
Best Practice: Essential for maintaining perpendicularity
- MariTool Adjustable Reamer Holders: HSK50-E with runout adjustment
- ER Collet Style: Common shank sizes with ER16/ER20 interface
- Adjustment Range: ±0.002" runout correction typical
Rigid Holders
When to Use: Only when machine spindle runout <0.0002"
- Hydraulic Holders: Best grip, minimal runout
- Heat Shrink: Good for carbide reamers
- ER Collets: Adequate for manual operations
Pilot Hole Preparation
Standard Practice
Hole Size: 65-85% of finish diameter
- Example: 0.500" reamer requires 0.484" pilot (3.2% stock per side)
- Typical Range: 0.015-0.030" per side removal
Shop Floor Reality
Forum Experience: Many machinists prefer smaller pilots for better surface finish
- Heavy Stock Removal: 0.030"+ per side can cause [[chatter-vibration]]
- Light Stock Removal: <0.010" per side may not clean up drill marks
- Sweet Spot: 0.015-0.020" per side for most applications
Custom and Special Reamers
When Standard Won't Work
Non-Standard Sizes: 7.85mm with G8 fit tolerance
- Custom Reamer Cost: $150-500 for single tool
- Lead Time: 2-4 weeks typical
- Alternative: [[boring]] with single-point tool for one-offs
Grinding Services
Rework Existing Tools:
- Drill Modification: Send oversize drills out for custom grinding
- Cost: $25-75 vs $200+ new custom reamer
- Process: Test hole, measure, grind to size, recoat
Common Problems and Solutions
Poor Surface Finish
Symptoms: Drill-like finish after reaming
- Cause: Excessive speed, insufficient feed, dull reamer
- Solution: Reduce RPM by 25%, increase feed rate
- HSS in Steel: Try 165 RPM with 0.004 IPR instead of catalog 600+ RPM
Chatter
Symptoms: Audible vibration, poor finish, dimensional variation
- Primary Cause: Insufficient rigidity
- Solutions:
- Reduce RPM (start at 50% of calculated)
- Increase feed rate to maintain chip load
- Use floating holder
- Reduce pilot hole size for more engagement
Reamer Breakage
Prevention:
- Never reverse spindle with reamer in hole
- Chamfer pilot hole to ease reamer entry
- Use adequate coolant to prevent heat buildup
- Hand feed initially until cutting action stabilizes
Size Variation
Causes and Fixes:
- Machine flex: Use floating holder, reduce feeds/speeds
- Thermal growth: Allow 20-minute warmup, flood coolant
- Tool wear: Monitor with micrometers, replace at 0.0002" wear
Shop Floor Tips
Manual Operations
Feed Rate Control: Consistent hand pressure more important than exact IPR
- Feel for Cut: Should feel like light resistance, not binding
- Backing Out: Rotate spindle by hand when withdrawing to prevent scoring
CNC Programming
Canned Cycles: G85 (bore/ream) preferred over G83 (peck drilling)
- Spindle Stop: Program M5 before rapid retract
- Dwell: 0.5-1.0 second dwell at bottom for finish
Coolant Strategy
Flood Coolant: Essential for dimensional stability
- Concentration: 5-8% for reaming (lower than drilling)
- Pressure: 50-150 PSI (lower than drilling to prevent deflection)
- Through-Spindle: Ideal for deep holes >3D
Size Standards and Availability
Inch Sizes
Common Fractional: 1/4", 5/16", 3/8", 7/16", 1/2", 9/16", 5/8", 11/16", 3/4" Decimal Equivalents: Available in 0.001" increments for most sizes Letter/Number Drill: Reamers available for A-Z and #1-80 sizes
Metric Sizes
Standard: 1mm increments from 1-50mm Precision: 0.01mm increments available (2.01, 3.02, etc.) ISO Fits: H7 tolerance standard, H6 available on request
Related Topics
- [[reaming]] — Process fundamentals and techniques
- [[drilling]] — Pilot hole preparation methods
- [[boring]] — Alternative for non-standard sizes
- [[toolholder-selection]] — Floating vs rigid holder selection
- [[surface-finish-problems]] — Troubleshooting poor finishes
- [[chatter-vibration]] — Eliminating reaming vibration issues
- [[tolerance-fits]] — Understanding precision requirements
- [[aluminum-6061]] — Material-specific reaming parameters
- [[4140-steel]] — Heat-treated steel reaming challenges